В фонетической транскрипции используется обычная для речи редукция, например:
to - /tə/
of - /əv/
Reformulation / Clarification
- in other words
/ɪn ˈʌðɚ wɝdz/
- to put it differently
/tə pʊt ɪt ˈdɪfɚəntli/
- for one thing
/fɔr wʌn θɪŋ/
- as an illustration
/æz ən ˌɪləˈstreɪʃən/
- in this case
/ɪn ðɪs keɪs/
- for this reason
/fɔr ðɪs ˈrizən/
- to put it another way
/tə pʊt ɪt əˈnʌðɚ weɪ/
- that is to say
/ðæt ɪz tə seɪ/
- with attention to
/wɪð əˈtɛnʃən tə/
- by all means
/baɪ ɔl minz/
Emphasis / Importance
- important to realize
/ɪmˈpɔrtənt tə ˈrilaɪz/
- another key point
/əˈnʌðɚ ki pɔɪnt/
- first thing to remember
/fɝst θɪŋ tə rɪˈmɛmbɚ/
- most compelling evidence
/moʊst kəmˈpɛlɪŋ ˈɛvɪdəns/
- must be remembered
/mʌst bi rɪˈmɛmbɚd/
- point often overlooked
/pɔɪnt ˈɔfən ˌoʊvɚˈlʊkt/
- to point out
/tə pɔɪnt aʊt/
Contrast / Framing
- on the positive side
/ɑn ðə ˈpɑzətɪv saɪd/
- on the negative side
/ɑn ðə ˈnɛɡətɪv saɪd/
- with this in mind
/wɪð ðɪs ɪn maɪnd/
Focus / Scope
- notably
/ˈnoʊtəbli/
- including
/ɪnˈkludɪŋ/
- like
/laɪk/
- to be sure
/tə bi ʃʊr/
- namely
/ˈneɪmli/
- chiefly
/ˈtʃifli/
Stance / Certainty
- truly
/ˈtruli/
- indeed
/ɪnˈdid/
- certainly
/ˈsɝtənli/
- surely
/ˈʃʊrli/
- markedly
/ˈmɑrkɪdli/
- such as
/sʌtʃ æz/
Precision / Manner
- especially
/ɪˈspɛʃəli/
- explicitly
/ɪkˈsplɪsɪtli/
- specifically
/spəˈsɪfɪkli/
- expressly
/ɪkˈsprɛsli/
- surprisingly
/sɚˈpraɪzɪŋli/
Frequency / Degree
- frequently
/ˈfrikwəntli/
- significantly
/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli/
- particularly
/pɚˈtɪkjəlɚli/
Generalization / Detail
- in fact
/ɪn fækt/
- in general
/ɪn ˈdʒɛnɚəl/
- in particular
/ɪn pɚˈtɪkjəlɚ/
- in detail
/ɪn ˈdiˌteɪl/
Examples / Support
- for example
/fɔr ɪɡˈzæmpəl/
- for instance
/fɔr ˈɪnstəns/
Discourse Functions
- to demonstrate
/tə ˈdɛmənˌstreɪt/
- to emphasize
/tə ˈɛmfəˌsaɪz/
- to repeat
/tə rɪˈpit/
- to clarify
/tə ˈklærəˌfaɪ/
- to explain
/tə ɪkˈspleɪn/
- to enumerate
/tə ɪˈnumɚˌeɪt/
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