hole, whole

hole - /hoʊl/

whole - /hoʊl/

• There is a hole in my sock, so I need a whole new pair.

/ðɛr ɪz ə hoʊl ɪn maɪ sɑk, soʊ aɪ nid ə hoʊl nu pɛr/

• I dug a hole in the garden to plant the whole flower bush.

/aɪ dʌɡ ə hoʊl ɪn ðə ˈɡɑrdən tə plænt ðə hoʊl ˈflaʊɚ bʊʃ/

•  The hole in the wall went through the whole room.

/ðə hoʊl ɪn ðə wɔl wɛnt θru ðə hoʊl rum/

• He ate the whole apple and then noticed a hole in his shirt.

/hi eɪt ðə hoʊl ˈæpəl ən ðɛn ˈnoʊtɪst ə hoʊl ɪn hɪz ʃɝt/

• The workers filled the hole in the road before repairing the whole street.

/ðə ˈwɝkɚz fɪld ðə hoʊl ɪn ðə roʊd bɪˈfɔr rɪˈpɛrɪŋ ðə hoʊl strit/

• She got the ball into the hole on her first try and won the whole game.

/ʃi ɡɑt ðə bɔl ˈɪntu ðə hoʊl ɑn hɚ fɝst traɪ ən wʌn ðə hoʊl ɡeɪm/

• A rabbit squeezed through a hole in the fence and ran across the whole yard.

/ə ˈræbɪt skwizd θru ə hoʊl ɪn ðə fɛns ən ræn əˈkrɔs ðə hoʊl jɑrd/

• We found a hole in the security system that could affect the whole application.

/wi faʊnd ə hoʊl ɪn ðə səˈkjʊrəti ˈsɪstəm ðæt kʊd əˈfɛkt ðə hoʊl ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃən/

• The hole in the doughnut was small, but I ate the whole doughnut anyway.

/ðə hoʊl ɪn ðə ˈdoʊnət wəz smɔl, bət aɪ eɪt ðə hoʊl ˈdoʊnət ˈɛniˌweɪ/

• Instead of fixing one hole at a time, he decided to rebuild the whole roof.

/ɪnˈstɛd əv ˈfɪksɪŋ wʌn hoʊl æt ə taɪm, hi dɪˈsaɪdɪd tə ˌriˈbɪld ðə hoʊl ruf/

• hole - /hoʊl/ - отверстие, дыра, дырка, яма, скважина, лунка, просверлить, пробить, продырявливать.
• whole - /hoʊl/ - целый, весь, цельный, здоровый, родной, целое, все. 

hole, whole рифмуются со словами: goal /ɡoʊl/, pole /poʊl/, role /roʊl/, roll /roʊl, toll /toʊl/, coal /koʊl/, bowl /boʊl/, stole /stoʊl/, scroll /skroʊl/, control /kənˈtroʊl/.

Звук /h/. General American

Звук /oʊ/. General American

Dark L

southern, seven

southern - /ˈsʌðɚn/ 

seven - /ˈsɛvən/ 

• The southern town was seven miles from the river.

/ðə ˈsʌðɚn taʊn wəz ˈsɛvən maɪlz frəm ðə ˈrɪvɚ/

• We tried seven southern dishes at the restaurant.

/wi traɪd ˈsɛvən ˈsʌðɚn ˈdɪʃɪz æt ðə ˈrɛstɚɑnt/

• The southern family invited seven guests to dinner.

/ðə ˈsʌðɚn ˈfæməli ɪnˈvaɪtɪd ˈsɛvən ɡɛsts tə ˈdɪnɚ/

• We drove through seven southern states during our vacation.

/wi droʊv θru ˈsɛvən ˈsʌðɚn steɪts ˈdʊrɪŋ aʊɚ veɪˈkeɪʃən/

• Seven southern counties received heavy rain overnight.

/ˈsɛvən ˈsʌðɚn ˈkaʊntiz rɪˈsivd ˈhɛvi reɪn ˈoʊvɚˌnaɪt/

• The teacher discussed seven important events in southern history.

/ðə ˈtitʃɚ dɪˈskʌst ˈsɛvən ɪmˈpɔrtənt ɪˈvɛnts ɪn ˈsʌðɚn ˈhɪstəri/

• Seven southern plants survived the unusually cold winter.

/ˈsɛvən ˈsʌðɚn plænts sərˈvaɪvd ði ʌnˈjuʒuəli koʊld ˈwɪntɚ/

• Seven engineers joined the meeting with our southern team.

/ˈsɛvən ˌɛnʤɪˈnɪrz ʤɔɪnd ðə ˈmitɪŋ wɪð aʊɚ ˈsʌðɚn tim/

• After seven months in the South, he developed a slight southern accent.

/ˈæftɚ ˈsɛvən mʌnθs ɪn ðə saʊθ, hi dɪˈvɛləpt ə slaɪt ˈsʌðɚn ˈækˌsɛnt/

• The students named seven cities in the southern part of the country.

/ðə ˈstudənts neɪmd ˈsɛvən ˈsɪtiz ɪn ðə ˈsʌðɚn pɑrt əv ðə ˈkʌntri/

• southern - /ˈsʌðɚn/ - южный, южанин, житель Юга.
• seven - /ˈsɛvən/ - семь, семеро, семеро, семерка, седьмой номер. 

Звук /s/. General American

Звук /ʌ/. General American

Звук /ð/. General American

Звук /ɚ/. General American

Звук /n/. General American

Звук /ɛ/. General American

Звук /v/. General American

Звук /ə/. General American

Скороговорки для /s/ и /θ/

flower, flour

flower - /ˈflaʊɚ/

flour - /ˈflaʊɚ/

• The flower on the table was covered with a little flour.

/ðə ˈflaʊɚ ɑn ðə ˈteɪbəl wəz ˈkʌvɚd wɪð ə ˈlɪtəl ˈflaʊɚ/

• I put a flower beside the bowl before adding the flour.

/aɪ pʊt ə ˈflaʊɚ bɪˈsaɪd ðə boʊl bɪˈfɔr ˈædɪŋ ðə ˈflaʊɚ/

• She drew a flower on the recipe card and measured the flour.

/ʃi dru ə ˈflaʊɚ ɑn ðə ˈrɛsəpi kɑrd ən ˈmɛʒɚd ðə ˈflaʊɚ/

• The baker put a flower in a vase next to the bag of flour.

/ðə ˈbeɪkɚ pʊt ə ˈflaʊɚ ɪn ə veɪs nɛkst tə ðə bæɡ əv ˈflaʊɚ/

• A yellow flower fell into the flour while I was baking.

/ə ˈjɛloʊ ˈflaʊɚ fɛl ˈɪntu ðə ˈflaʊɚ waɪl aɪ wəz ˈbeɪkɪŋ/

• He gave me a flower and a bag of flour for my birthday.

/hi ɡeɪv mi ə ˈflaʊɚ ən ə bæɡ əv ˈflaʊɚ fər maɪ ˈbɝθˌdeɪ/

• The children painted a flower while their mother sifted the flour.

/ðə ˈtʃɪldrən ˈpeɪntɪd ə ˈflaʊɚ waɪl ðɛr ˈmʌðɚ ˈsɪftɪd ðə ˈflaʊɚ/

• She decorated the cake with a flower design made from flour-based icing.

/ʃi ˈdɛkəˌreɪtɪd ðə keɪk wɪð ə ˈflaʊɚ dɪˈzaɪn meɪd frəm ˈflaʊɚ beɪst ˈaɪsɪŋ/

• I bought a flower for my friend and flour for the cookies.

/aɪ bɔt ə ˈflaʊɚ fər maɪ frɛnd ən ˈflaʊɚ fər ðə ˈkʊkiz/

• When I asked for a flower, the baker handed me a bag of flour.

/wɛn aɪ æskt fər ə ˈflaʊɚ, ðə ˈbeɪkɚ ˈhændɪd mi ə bæɡ əv ˈflaʊɚ/

• flower - /ˈflaʊɚ/ - цветок, цвет, цветение, расцвет, цвести, быть в расцвете. 
• flour - /ˈflaʊɚ/ - мука, порошок, пудра, мучной, молоть, размалывать.

flower и flour рифмуются со словами: power /ˈpaʊɚ/, shower /ˈʃaʊɚ/, tower/ˈtaʊɚ/, sour /ˈsaʊɚ/,  hour /ˈaʊɚ/, devour /dɪˈvaʊɚ/.

sour - /ˈsaʊɚ/ - кислый, прокисший , враждебный, недовольный, портиться, омрачать.

devour - /dɪˈvaʊɚ/ - пожирать, поглощать, истреблять, лопать, уничтожать, проглатывать.

Звук /f/. General American

Звук /L/. General American

Звук /aʊ/. General American

Звук /ɚ/. General American

lonely, only

lonely - /ˈloʊnli/

only - /ˈoʊnli/

• I felt lonely because I was the only person at home.

/aɪ fɛlt ˈloʊnli bɪˈkʌz aɪ wəz ði ˈoʊnli ˈpɝsən æt hoʊm/

• She felt lonely in the new city because her only friend lived far away.

/ʃi fɛlt ˈloʊnli ɪn ðə nu ˈsɪti bɪˈkʌz hɚ ˈoʊnli frɛnd lɪvd fɑr əˈweɪ/

• He sometimes feels lonely when he is the only person working from home.

/hi ˈsʌmtaɪmz filz ˈloʊnli wɛn hi ɪz ði ˈoʊnli ˈpɝsən ˈwɝkɪŋ frəm hoʊm/

• I felt lonely when I moved abroad, and English was the only language I could practice every day.

/aɪ fɛlt ˈloʊnli wɛn aɪ muvd əˈbrɔd, ən ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ wəz ði ˈoʊnli ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ aɪ kʊd ˈpræktɪs ˈɛvri deɪ/

• The lonely dog waited for the only person who regularly visited him.

/ðə ˈloʊnli dɔɡ ˈweɪtɪd fər ði ˈoʊnli ˈpɝsən hu ˈrɛɡjələrli ˈvɪzɪtɪd hɪm/

• It was the only weekend when I didn't feel lonely.

/ɪt wəz ði ˈoʊnli ˈwikˌɛnd wɛn aɪ ˈdɪdənt fil ˈloʊnli/

• She wasn't lonely at work because her only colleague sat next to her.

/ʃi ˈwɑzənt ˈloʊnli æt wɝk bɪˈkʌz hɚ ˈoʊnli ˈkɑliɡ sæt nɛkst tə hɚ/

• His only phone call that day made him feel less lonely.

/hɪz ˈoʊnli foʊn kɔl ðæt deɪ meɪd hɪm fil lɛs ˈloʊnli/

• The lonely traveler discovered that the only café in the village was still open.

/ðə ˈloʊnli ˈtrævələr dɪˈskʌvɚd ðæt ði ˈoʊnli kæˈfeɪ ɪn ðə ˈvɪlɪdʒ wəz stɪl ˈoʊpən/

• The only way to help a lonely person is to show genuine interest in them.

/ði ˈoʊnli weɪ tə hɛlp ə ˈloʊnli ˈpɝsən ɪz tə ʃoʊ ˈdʒɛnjuɪn ˈɪntrəst ɪn ðɛm/

• lonely - /ˈloʊnli/ - одинокий, уединенный, пустынный, одиноко.

• only - /ˈoʊnli/ - только, всего лишь , только, исключительно , только что , единственный , но, только.

Звук /L/. General American

Звук /oʊ/. General American

Звук /n/. General American

Звук / i /. General American

tow, toe

tow - /toʊ/

toe - /toʊ/

• The driver had to tow the car after he injured his toe.

/ðə ˈdraɪvɚ hæd tə toʊ ðə kɑr ˈæftɚ hi ˈɪnʤɚd hɪz toʊ/

• The mechanic will tow my car while I rest my injured toe.

/ðə məˈkænɪk wɪl toʊ maɪ kɑr waɪl aɪ rɛst maɪ ˈɪnʤɚd toʊ/

• I hurt my toe when I watched a truck tow a broken car.

/aɪ hɝt maɪ toʊ wɛn aɪ wɑtʃt ə trʌk toʊ ə ˈbroʊkən kɑr/

• She called a tow truck after dropping a heavy box on her toe.

/ʃi kɔld ə toʊ trʌk ˈæftɚ ˈdrɑpɪŋ ə ˈhɛvi bɑks ɑn hɚ toʊ/

• We watched a boat tow a small platform while I dipped my toe in the water.

/wi wɑtʃt ə boʊt toʊ ə smɔl ˈplætˌfɔrm waɪl aɪ dɪpt maɪ toʊ ɪn ðə ˈwɔtɚ/

• The sign warned drivers that the company would tow illegally parked cars, so I moved my toe away from the wheel.

/ðə saɪn wɔrnd ˈdraɪvɚz ðæt ðə ˈkʌmpəni wʊd toʊ ɪˈliɡəli pɑrkt kɑrz, soʊ aɪ muvd maɪ toʊ əˈweɪ frəm ðə wil/

• His job was to tow damaged vehicles, but he injured his toe while moving equipment.

/hɪz ʤɑb wəz tə toʊ ˈdæmɪʤd ˈviəkəlz, bət hi ˈɪnʤɚd hɪz toʊ waɪl ˈmuvɪŋ ɪˈkwɪpmənt/

• After the truck began to tow the trailer, I realized that I had broken my toe.

/ˈæftɚ ðə trʌk bɪˈɡæn tə toʊ ðə ˈtreɪlɚ, aɪ ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðæt aɪ hæd ˈbroʊkən maɪ toʊ/

• The doctor examined my toe while a nearby service truck prepared to tow my car.

/ðə ˈdɑktɚ ɪɡˈzæmɪnd maɪ toʊ waɪl ə ˈnɪrˌbaɪ ˈsɝvɪs trʌk prɪˈpɛrd tə toʊ maɪ kɑr/

• I told my brother to tow the old car, but he thought I was talking about my sore toe.

/aɪ toʊld maɪ ˈbrʌðɚ tə toʊ ði oʊld kɑr, bət hi θɔt aɪ wəz ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt maɪ sɔr toʊ/

• tow - /toʊ/ - буксировка, буксир, кудель, пакля, очес, трос, буксировать, тащить, тащить за собой.

• toe - /toʊ/ - палец, носок, пята, палец на ноге, ударять носком.

Звук /t/ в начале слова
Звук /oʊ/. General American

severity, civility

severity - /səˈvɛrəti/

civility - /səˈvɪləti/

• The severity of the problem required civility during the discussion.

/ðə səˈvɛrəti əv ðə ˈprɑbləm rɪˈkwaɪrd səˈvɪləti ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə dɪˈskʌʃən/

• Despite the severity of the criticism, she responded with civility.

/dɪˈspaɪt ðə səˈvɛrəti əv ðə ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm, ʃi rɪˈspɑndəd wɪð səˈvɪləti/

• The manager explained the severity of the issue and asked everyone to maintain civility.

/ðə ˈmænədʒɚ ɪkˈspleɪnd ðə səˈvɛrəti əv ði ˈɪʃu ən æskt ˈɛvriˌwʌn tə meɪnˈteɪn səˈvɪləti/

• The severity of the bug was obvious, but the team discussed it with civility.

/ðə səˈvɛrəti əv ðə bʌɡ wəz ˈɑbviəs, bət ðə tim dɪˈskʌst ɪt wɪð səˈvɪləti/

• Everyone understood the severity of the situation and agreed to communicate with civility.

/ˈɛvriˌwʌn ˌʌndɚˈstʊd ðə səˈvɛrəti əv ðə ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃən ən əˈɡrid tə kəˈmjunəˌkeɪt wɪð səˈvɪləti/

• The doctor explained the severity of the condition with great civility.

/ðə ˈdɑktɚ ɪkˈspleɪnd ðə səˈvɛrəti əv ðə kənˈdɪʃən wɪð ɡreɪt səˈvɪləti/

Here, the two words contrast very clearly in the middle:

• We should recognize the severity of the error without losing civility.

/wi ʃʊd ˈrɛkəɡˌnaɪz ðə səˈvɛrəti əv ði ˈɛrɚ wɪˈðaʊt ˈluzɪŋ səˈvɪləti/

• The severity of his response surprised me, but I appreciated his civility afterward.

/ðə səˈvɛrəti əv hɪz rɪˈspɑns sərˈpraɪzd mi, bət aɪ əˈpriʃiˌeɪtəd hɪz səˈvɪləti ˈæftɚwɚd/

• Even when discussing the severity of the failure, the engineers maintained civility.

/ˈivən wɛn dɪˈskʌsɪŋ ðə səˈvɛrəti əv ðə ˈfeɪljɚ, ði ˌɛndʒəˈnɪrz meɪnˈteɪnd səˈvɪləti/

This is particularly useful for a QA/workplace context.

• The severity of the conflict made civility more important than ever.

/ðə səˈvɛrəti əv ðə ˈkɑnflɪkt meɪd səˈvɪləti mɔr ɪmˈpɔrtənt ðæn ˈɛvɚ/

• severity - /səˈvɛrəti/ - суровость, строгость, жестокость, cерьёзность проблемы, трудности, тяготы, точность.

• civility - /səˈvɪləti/ - вежливость, любезность, корректность.

Звук /s/. General American

Звук /ə/. General American

Звук /v/. General American

Звук /ɛ/. General American

Звук /ɪ/. General American

Звук /r/. General American

Звук /t/ в середине слова между гласными - /ɾ/ - Flap T

Звук / i /. General American

Гласные звуки на конце английских слов

service, surface

service - /ˈsɝvɪs/

surface - /ˈsɝfɪs/

• The service was excellent, but the surface of the table was dirty.

/ðə ˈsɝvɪs wəz ˈɛksələnt, bət ðə ˈsɝfɪs əv ðə ˈteɪbəl wəz ˈdɝti/

• The mechanic provided good service and polished the surface of the car.

/ðə məˈkænɪk prəˈvaɪdəd ɡʊd ˈsɝvɪs ən ˈpɑlɪʃt ðə ˈsɝfɪs əv ðə kɑr/

• The service returned an error when the user clicked the surface of the button.

/ðə ˈsɝvɪs rɪˈtɝnd ən ˈɛrɚ wɛn ðə ˈjuzɚ klɪkt ðə ˈsɝfɪs əv ðə ˈbʌtən/

• The cleaning service removed the stains from the surface of the floor.

/ðə ˈklinɪŋ ˈsɝvɪs rɪˈmuvd ðə steɪnz frəm ðə ˈsɝfɪs əv ðə flɔr/

• The hotel service was friendly, and the surface of the pool was perfectly clean.

/ðə hoʊˈtɛl ˈsɝvɪs wəz ˈfrɛndli, ən ðə ˈsɝfɪs əv ðə pul wəz ˈpɝfɪktli klin/

• The service included a new table, but its surface needed polishing.

/ðə ˈsɝvɪs ɪnˈkludəd ə nu ˈteɪbəl, bət ɪts ˈsɝfɪs ˈnidəd ˈpɑlɪʃɪŋ/

• The internet service was unreliable, especially when the surface of the router became hot.

/ði ˈɪntɚˌnɛt ˈsɝvɪs wəz ˌʌnrɪˈlaɪəbəl, ɪˈspɛʃəli wɛn ðə ˈsɝfɪs əv ðə ˈraʊtɚ bɪˈkeɪm hɑt/

• The medical service was available, but the surface of the wound needed attention.

/ðə ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈsɝvɪs wəz əˈveɪləbəl, bət ðə ˈsɝfɪs əv ðə wund ˈnidəd əˈtɛnʃən/

• The repair service replaced the screen and cleaned the surface of the laptop.

/ðə rɪˈpɛr ˈsɝvɪs rɪˈpleɪst ðə skrin ən klind ðə ˈsɝfɪs əv ðə ˈlæpˌtɑp/

• The maintenance service repaired the surface of the stairs before the building opened.

/ðə ˈmeɪntənəns ˈsɝvɪs rɪˈpɛrd ðə ˈsɝfɪs əv ðə stɛrz bɪˈfɔr ðə ˈbɪldɪŋ ˈoʊpənd/

• service - /ˈsɝvɪs/ - обслуживание, служба, обслуживать, случать, служебный.
• surface - /ˈsɝfɪs/ -  поверхность, поверхностный, внешний, всплывать. 

Звук /s/. General American

Звук /ɝ/. General American

Звук /v/. General American

Звук /f/. General American

/ v / vs / f /

Звук /ɪ/. General American