суббота, 20 декабря 2025 г.

stir, steer

stir - /stɝː/

steer - /stɪr/


  • Stir the soup slowly while you steer the conversation toward dessert.
  • He tried to stir excitement as she steered the meeting back to business.
  • Stir the paint well, but steer clear of spilling it on the floor.
  • She stirred her coffee while he steered the car onto the highway.
  • The speech was meant to stir emotions, not steer opinions forcefully.
  • Stir the sauce constantly as you steer the heat to a lower setting.
  • He stirred the crowd’s curiosity while the host steered the show calmly.
  • Stir the ingredients gently so you can steer the texture just right.
  • The story stirred memories, but the guide steered us toward the next exhibit.
  • She stirred the batter as he steered the boat into the harbor.


  • stir - /stɝː/ - движение, переполох, ажиотаж, шевеление, мешать, размешивать, шевелить, шевелиться.
r - окрашенная гласная, язык оттянут назад, губы расслаблены.

stir приближенно рифмуется со словами: her, fur, blur, purr, sir.

  • steer -  /stɪr/ - управлять, руководить, регулировать, править, пилотировать.
steer рифмуется со словами: fear, dear, near, clear, pier.


blur - /blɜːr/ - пятно, неясные очертания, запачкать, затуманить, замарать. 
purr - /pɜːr/ - мурлыкать, мурлыканье, урчать.

pier - /pɪr/ - пирс, пристань, причал, мол, простенок, бык, столб, контрфорс, дамба, волнорез, волнолом


lest, least

lest - /lɛst/

least - /liːst/


  • He spoke quietly, lest he disturb the least experienced members of the team.
  • She double-checked the report, lest even the least important detail be wrong.
  • They left early, lest they miss the least crowded train.
  • He wore a jacket, lest the least drop in temperature make him sick.
  • She saved her work repeatedly, lest the least technical issue erase everything.
  • The guide warned us to stay together, lest the least prepared hikers fall behind.
  • He apologized immediately, lest the least misunderstanding grow into an argument.
  • She lowered her voice, lest the least noise wake the baby.
  • They followed the instructions carefully, lest the least mistake cause failure.
  • He reviewed his notes again, lest the least forgotten fact hurt his exam score.


  • lest - /lɛst/ - чтобы не, как бы не, дабы не; из страха, что; во избежание
Краткий /ɛ/ как в слове best.

lest рифмуется со словами: best, rest, test, guest, pressed.


    • least - /liːst/ -  наименее, как минимум, наименьший, минимальный, минимальное количество

Долгий звук /iː/ как в слове beast.

least /рифмуется со словами: beast, feast, east, ceased, priest.


Английские light L и dark L, syllabic l̩ и латеральный взрыв [Youtube - PhoneticFanatic] 
Звук / e /
Английские гласные: /ɛ/ или /e/ и что такое Pin-Pen Merger [Youtube - PhoneticFanatic]
Звук i:
Звук / s /
English pronunciation: альвиолярные согласные [n] [t] [d] [s] [z] [l] [Youtube - PhoneticFanatic]

Скороговорки для vice president of, wide spreading

  • The vice president of marketing warned about the wide spreading of wild ideas.

/ðə ˌvaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ˈmɑrkətɪŋ wɔrnd əˈbaʊt ðə ˈwaɪd ˈsprɛdɪŋ əv waɪld aɪˈdɪəz/


  • The vice president of finance feared the wide spreading of risky advice.

/ðə ˌvaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ˈfaɪnæns fɪrd ðə ˈwaɪd ˈsprɛdɪŋ əv ˈrɪski ədˈvaɪs/


  • The vice president of science criticized the wide spreading of biased studies.

/ðə ˌvaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ˈsaɪəns ˈkrɪtɪˌsaɪzd ðə ˈwaɪd ˈsprɛdɪŋ əv ˈbaɪəst ˈstʌdiz/


  • The vice president of design denied the wide spreading of wild styles.

/ðə ˌvaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt əv dɪˈzaɪn dɪˈnaɪd ðə ˈwaɪd ˈsprɛdɪŋ əv waɪld staɪlz/


  • The vice president of IT delayed the wide spreading of online files.

/ðə ˌvaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt əv aɪˈti dɪˈleɪd ðə ˈwaɪd ˈsprɛdɪŋ əv ˈɑnlaɪn faɪlz/


  • The vice president of health addressed the wide spreading of viral advice.

/ðə ˌvaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt əv hɛlθ əˈdrɛst ðə ˈwaɪd ˈsprɛdɪŋ əv ˈvaɪrəl ədˈvaɪs/


  • The vice president of law limited the wide spreading of biased verdicts.

/ðə ˌvaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt əv lɔ lɪˈmɪtɪd ðə ˈwaɪd ˈsprɛdɪŋ əv ˈbaɪəst ˈvɝdɪkts/


  • The vice president of media monitored the wide spreading of viral videos.

/ðə ˌvaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ˈmidiə ˈmɑnɪtɝd ðə ˈwaɪd ˈsprɛdɪŋ əv ˈvaɪrəl ˈvɪdioʊz/


  • The vice president of policy protested the wide spreading of wild theories.

/ðə ˌvaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ˈpɑləsi prəˈtɛstɪd ðə ˈwaɪd ˈsprɛdɪŋ əv waɪld ˈθɪriz/


  • The vice president of strategy stopped the wide spreading of misguided advice.

/ðə ˌvaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ˈstrætədʒi stɑpt ðə ˈwaɪd ˈsprɛdɪŋ əv mɪsˈgaɪdɪd ədˈvaɪs/



Каждое предложение прочитать по такой схеме:

медленно → быстро → шёпотом → громко


vice president of, wide spreading of

vice president of, wide spreading of

vice president of - /ˌvaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt əv/

wide spreading of - /ˈwaɪd ˈsprɛdɪŋ əv/


  • The vice president of the company warned about the wide spreading of false reports.
  • As vice president of sales, she addressed the wide spreading of rumors.
  • The vice president of the university discussed the wide spreading of online education.
  • The vice president of marketing focused on the wide spreading of the brand.
  • The vice president of the council opposed the wide spreading of misinformation.
  • During the interview, the vice president of finance explained the wide spreading of inflation fears.
  • The vice president of operations monitored the wide spreading of supply delays.
  • As vice president of research, he studied the wide spreading of new technology.
  • The vice president of public health responded to the wide spreading of the virus.
  • The vice president of communications managed the wide spreading of the announcement.


  • vice president of - /ˌvaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt əv/ - вице - призидент чего либо.
Дифтонг /aɪ/ в vice, ударение на PREZ.

vice рифмуется со словами: ice, nice, price, slice, advice.


  • wide spreading of - /ˈwaɪd ˈsprɛdɪŋ əv/ - широкое распростронение чего либо.
Дифтонг /aɪ/ в wide, ударения на слогах WIDE и SPRED.

wide рифмуется со словами: side, ride, guide, pride, tide.


Скороговорки для intelligent и intelligence

  • Intelligent interns increase institutional intelligence.

/ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt ˈɪnˌtɝnz ɪnˈkris ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənəl ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • An intelligent agent analyzed artificial intelligence.

/ən ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt ˈeɪdʒənt ˈænəˌlaɪzd ˌɑrtəˈfɪʃəl ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • Intelligent engineers enhance engineering intelligence.

/ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt ˌɛnʤəˈnɪrz ɪnˈhæns ˌɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • Intelligent judgment depends on emotional intelligence.

/ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt ˈʤʌʤmənt dɪˈpɛndz ɑn ɪˈmoʊʃənəl ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • An intelligent general gathers genuine intelligence.

/ən ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt ˈʤɛnərəl ˈɡæðɚz ˈʤɛnjuɪn ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • Intelligent decisions demand disciplined intelligence.

/ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt dɪˈsɪʒənz dɪˈmænd ˈdɪsəˌplɪnd ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • Intelligent judges justify judicial intelligence.

/ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt ˈʤʌʤɪz ˈʤʌstəˌfaɪ ʤuˈdɪʃəl ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • An intelligent journalist joins intelligence agencies.

/ən ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt ˈʤɝnəlɪst ʤɔɪnz ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns ˈeɪdʒənsiz/


  • Intelligent leadership leverages layered intelligence.

/ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt ˈlidɚʃɪp ˈlɛvɚɪʤɪz ˈleɪɚd ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • Intelligent agents gently generate genuine intelligence globally.

/ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt ˈeɪdʒənts ˈʤɛntli ˈʤɛnəˌreɪt ˈʤɛnjuɪn ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns ˈɡloʊbəli/


intelligent, intelligence


intelligent, intelligence

intelligent - /ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt/

intelligence - /ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • Her intelligent response demonstrated remarkable intelligence.

/ɝ ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt rɪˈspɑns ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd rɪˈmɑrkəbəl ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • An intelligent student often develops emotional intelligence as well.

/ən ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt ˈstudənt ˈɔfən dɪˈvɛləps ɪˈmoʊʃənəl ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns æz wɛl/


  • Being intelligent does not always guarantee high intelligence in leadership.

/ˈbiɪŋ ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt dʌz nɑt ˈɔlweɪz ˌgɛrənˈti haɪ ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns ɪn ˈlidɝʃɪp/


  • The intelligent design required technical intelligence to execute.

/ðə ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt dɪˈzaɪn rɪˈkwaɪrd ˈtɛknɪkəl ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns tə ˈɛksɪˌkjut/


  • An intelligent strategy relies on collective intelligence.

/ən ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt ˈstrætədʒi rɪˈlaɪz ɑn kəˈlɛktɪv ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • Her intelligent questions revealed deep analytical intelligence.

/ɝ ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt ˈkwɛstʃənz rɪˈvild dip ˌænəˈlɪtɪkəl ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • An intelligent system can simulate human intelligence.

/ən ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt ˈsɪstəm kæn ˈsɪmjəˌleɪt ˈhjumən ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • Intelligent decisions often stem from emotional intelligence.

/ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt dɪˈsɪʒənz ˈɔfən stɛm frəm ɪˈmoʊʃənəl ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • An intelligent approach requires practical intelligence.

/æn ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt əˈproʊtʃ rɪˈkwaɪrz ˈpræktɪkəl ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • She’s intelligent, but her real strength is emotional intelligence.

/ʃiz ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt, bʌt ɝ ril strɛŋθ ɪz ɪˈmoʊʃənəl ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/


  • intelligent - /ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt/ - умный, разумный, смышленый, понимающий, понятливый.

intelligent приблизительно рифмуется со словами: diligent, negligent, belligerent.


  • intelligence -  /ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/ -  интеллект, разведка, ум, сведения, разведывательный, умственный.

intelligence приблизительно рифмуется со словами: diligence, indulgence, negligence.


Для запоминания разницы:

  • intelligent agent
  • intelligence agency

diligent - /ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/ - прилежный, усердный, старательный, трудолюбивый.
negligent - /ˈnɛɡlɪdʒ(ə)nt/ - небрежный, халатный, нерадивый, беспечный.
belligerent - /bɪˈlɪdʒ(ə)r(ə)nt/ - воинственный, агрессивный, враждебный.

diligence - /ˈdɪlɪdʒ(ə)n(t)s/ - усердие, старание, прилежание, старательность.
indulgence - /ɪnˈdʌldʒ(ə)n(t)s/ - потакание желаниям, снисхождение, поблажка.
negligence - /ˈnɛɡlɪdʒ(ə)n(t)s/ - небрежность, халатность.


Звук ɪ
Звук / e /
Английские гласные: /ɛ/ или /e/ и что такое Pin-Pen Merger [Youtube - PhoneticFanatic]

пятница, 19 декабря 2025 г.

Скороговорки для F

 1. The failed plan felt foolish at first.

/ðə feɪld plæn fɛlt ˈfuːlɪʃ æt fɝst/


2. She failed fast and felt fine afterward.

/ʃi feɪld fæst ænd fɛlt faɪn ˈæftɚwɚd/


3. He failed forward but felt fearless.

/hi feɪld ˈfɔrwɚd bʌt fɛlt ˈfɪrləs/


4. The test failed students who felt frustrated.

/ðə tɛst feɪld ˈstudənts hu fɛlt ˈfrʌstreɪtɪd/


5. When the engine failed, the pilot felt fear.

/wɛn ði ˈɛndʒɪn feɪld, ðə ˈpaɪlət fɛlt fɪr/


6. She felt foolish after she failed first.

/ʃi fɛlt ˈfuːlɪʃ ˈæftɚ ʃi feɪld fɝst/


7. They failed fully but felt fulfilled later.

/ðeɪ feɪld ˈfʊli bʌt fɛlt fʊlˈfɪld ˈleɪtɚ/


8. He failed fearlessly, yet felt firm.

/hi feɪld ˈfɪrləsli, jɛt fɛlt fɝm/


9. The failed flight left passengers feeling felt fear.

/ðə feɪld flaɪt lɛft ˈpæsəndʒɚz ˈfilɪŋ fɛlt fɪr/


10. Failed friends felt fierce frustration fast.

/feɪld frɛndz fɛlt fɪrs frʌˈstreɪʃən fæst/


Звук / f /

failed, felt

failed - /feɪld/

felt - /fɛlt/


  • He failed the exam but felt proud of the effort he made.
  • She failed to call and felt terrible about it later.
  • The plan failed quickly, and everyone felt disappointed.
  • Although the experiment failed, the team felt optimistic.
  • He failed the interview and felt his confidence drop.
  • The engine failed suddenly, and the driver felt panic.
  • She failed to notice the sign and felt embarrassed.
  • When the joke failed, the speaker felt awkward.  /ˈɔːkwəd/
  • The company failed financially, and workers felt uncertain.
  • He failed once before but felt ready to try again.


  • failed - /feɪld/ - как прилагательное: проваленный, неудавшийся, не состоявшийся; как глагол: не удалось, провалился, не сработало.

Дифтонг /eɪ/ + /ld/.

failed рифмуется со словами: mailed, nailed, sailed, veiled, railed.


    • felt - /fɛlt/ - 1) чувствовал себя, 2) фетр.

Краткий звук /ɛ/ + /lt/.

felt рифмуется со словами: belt, melt, pelt, dealt, smelt.


veiled - /veɪld/ - завуалированный, скрытый.

pelt - /pelt/ -  1) забрасывать, 2) шкура.

smelt - /smelt|/ -  корюшка, плавка, расплавленный металл, выплавлять, выплавить, пахнул.


Звук / f /

воскресенье, 14 декабря 2025 г.

alien, a lion

alien - /ˈeɪ.li.ən/

a lion - /ə ˈlaɪ.ən/


  • The movie showed an alien trying to ride a lion across the desert.
  • She joked that the strange noise sounded like an alien chasing a lion.
  • He drew an alien standing next to a lion in his art notebook.
  • It’s hard to imagine an alien being afraid of a lion, but it happened in the story.
  • The kids pretended an alien had landed in the zoo and befriended a lion.
  • In the game, you must help an alien escape from a lion.
  • They argued whether an alien or a lion would survive longer in the wild.
  • A sculpture showed an alien feeding a lion glowing fruit.
  • The animation featured an alien teaching a lion how to dance.
  • He dreamed that an alien transformed into a lion to hide on Earth.


  • alien -  /ˈeɪ.li.ən/ - иностранец, чужак, инопланетянин.
  • a lion - /ə ˈlaɪ.ən/ - лев.

asset, acid

asset - /ˈæsɛt/ 

acid - /ˈæsɪd/


  • Her calm attitude was an asset when the spilled acid needed to be cleaned up.
  • The chemist said the new compound could be an asset, even though it acted like a strong acid.
  • He treated the formula as a valuable asset, especially because it neutralized the acid quickly.
  • The student realized that a good lab partner was an asset once the acid experiment became tricky.
  • The company considered the acid-resistant coating an important asset in their product line.
  • During the test, knowing how to handle acid properly proved to be an asset for the team.
  • Her precision with measurements was an asset, preventing the acid from reacting dangerously.
  • They discovered that the acid in the mixture destroyed their most promising asset.
  • The instructor warned that poor attention is no asset when working with a volatile acid.
  • The lab’s biggest asset was a device that instantly detected acid leaks.


  • asset - /ˈæsɛt/ - актив, достояние, имущество, средства, ресурс.
Второй гласный звук /ɛ/ как в словах get, set.

asset рифмуется со словами: set, get, met, let, pet.

 

  • acid - /ˈæsɪd/ - кислота, ЛСД, язвительность, ехидство, кислотный, кислый, едкий, язвительный.
Второй гласный звук /ɪ/ как в словах sit, lid.

acid рифмуется со словами: vivid, timid.


lid - /lɪd/ - крышка, веко, покрышка, колпак, запрет, шлем, шляпа, оболочка, жаберная крышка.

vivid - /ˈvɪvɪd/ - яркий, живой, отчетливый, рельефный, образный, пылкий.

timid - /ˈtɪmɪd/ - робкий, застенчивый, пугливый, боязливый, несмелый.


Звук / æ / 
Английские гласные: /æ/ - любимый гласный гопников [Youtube - PhoneticFanatic]
Звук / s /
Звук ɪ
Звук / e /
Английские гласные: /ɛ/ или /e/ и что такое Pin-Pen Merger [Youtube - PhoneticFanatic]
English pronunciation: альвиолярные согласные [n] [t] [d] [s] [z] [l] [Youtube - PhoneticFanatic]

volatile - /ˈvɑːlətl/ - летучий, изменчивый, взрывоопасный, непостоянный, ветреный, быстро испаряющийся

pervasive, perversive

pervasive - /pərˈveɪsɪv/

perversive - /pərˈvɜːrsɪv/


  • The professor said the pervasive rumors had a perversive effect on the students’ trust.
  • His pervasive optimism countered her perversive negativity.
  • The movie showed how pervasive fear can lead to perversive behavior.
  • They discussed whether social media has a pervasive reach but a perversive influence.
  • The writer argued that pervasive misinformation often has perversive consequences.
  • In the story, a pervasive sadness spread through the town, driven by a perversive secret.
  • Her pervasive kindness helped undo the perversive habits of the group.
  • The scientist noted that the virus was pervasive but not perversive in its effects.
  • The judge warned that pervasive corruption creates a perversive legal environment.
  • The pervasive culture of competition sometimes turns perversive when fairness is ignored.


  • pervasive - /pərˈveɪsɪv/ - распространяющийся, всеобъемлющий, глубокий, всепроникающий.

pervasive рифмуется со словами: invasive, abrasive, evasive.


  • perversive - /pərˈvɜːrsɪv/ - извращающий, искажающий, неправильно направляющий.
perversive приближенно рифмуется со словами: aversive, subversive, immersive.


invasive - /ˌɪnˈveɪsɪv/ - агрессивный, захватнический.
abrasive - /əˈbreɪsɪv/ - абразивный, резкий, грубый.
evasive - /ɪˈveɪsɪv/ - уклончивый, ускользающий.

aversive - /əˈvɜːsɪv/ - вызывающий отвращение, отвращающий, создающий отвращение.
subversive - /səbˈvɜːrsɪv/ - подрывной, разрушительный, губительный, подрывной элемент.
immersive - /iˈmərsiv/ - погружающий, захватывающий, создающий эффект присутствия/погружения.


суббота, 13 декабря 2025 г.

scarce, scar

scarce -/skɛrs/

scar - /skɑr/


  • Water was so scarce that every drop left a scar on the dry land.

/ˈwɔt̬ɚ wəz soʊ skɛrs ðæt ˈɛvri drɑp lɛft ə skɑr ɑn ðə draɪ lænd/


  • Because resources were scarce, the doctor examined every scar carefully.

/bɪˈkəz ˈrisɔrsəz wɚ skɛrs, ðə ˈdɑktɚ ɪgˈzæmɪnd ˈɛvri skɑr ˈkɛrfəli/


  • He said chances were scarce, but his old scar reminded him to try anyway.

/hi sɛd ˈtʃænsɪz wɚ skɛrs, bət hɪz oʊld skɑr rɪˈmaɪndəd hɪm tə traɪ ˈɛniˌweɪ/


  • Food grew scarce after the storm, and the child had a small scar from falling.

/fud gru skɛrs ˈæftɚ ðə stɔrm, ænd ðə tʃaɪld hæd ə smɑl skɑr frəm ˈfɔlɪŋ/


  • When kindness is scarce, even a scar can tell a hopeful story.

/wɛn ˈkaɪndnəs ɪz skɛrs, ˈivən ə skɑr kən tɛl ə ˈhoʊpfəl ˈstɔri/


  • Seats were scarce, so he sat next to the man with a scar across his cheek.

/sits wɚ skɛrs, soʊ hi sæt nɛkst tə ðə mæn wɪð ə skɑr əˈkrɔs hɪz tʃik/


  • Opportunities were scarce, but she wore her scar like a badge of courage.

/ˌɑpɚˈtunətiz wɚ skɛrs, bət ʃi wɔr hɚ skɑr laɪk ə bædʒ ʌv ˈkɝɪdʒ/


  • He noticed that snow was scarce this year, revealing every scar on the ground.

/hi ˈnoʊtɪst ðæt snoʊ wəz skɛrs ðɪs jɪr, rɪˈvilɪŋ ˈɛvri skɑr ɑn ðə graʊnd/


  • Her patience was scarce, especially when someone asked about her scar.

/hɚ ˈpeɪʃəns wəz skɛrs, ɪˈspɛʃəli wɛn ˈsʌmˌwʌn æskt əˈbaʊt hɚ skɑr/


  • In a world where mercy is scarce, a scar can be a sign of survival.

/ɪn ə wɝld wɛr ˈmɝsi ɪz skɛrs, ə skɑr kən bi ə saɪn ʌv sɚˈvaɪvəl/



  • scarce - /skɛrs/ - дефицитный, скудный, редкий, недостаточный, ограниченный.

  • scar - /skɑr/ - шрам, рубец, след.


ingrained, engraved

ingrained - /ɪnˈɡreɪnd/

engraved - /ɛnˈɡreɪvd/


  • The values ingrained in him were stronger than the words engraved on the plaque.
  • Her habits were so deeply ingrained that even instructions engraved on the device didn’t help.
  • The tradition was ingrained in the family long before their name was engraved in the town records.
  • He said the rules were ingrained in his memory, unlike the dates engraved on the monument.
  • The coach’s advice became ingrained in the players, just like their motto engraved on their trophies.
  • The fear was so ingrained that even the reassuring message engraved on the pendant couldn’t calm her.
  • The lessons ingrained during childhood shaped her more than any award engraved with her name.
  • The belief was ingrained in the community, much like the founding year engraved on the building.
  • His sense of duty was ingrained, and it matched the promise engraved on his ring.
  • The memory became ingrained in his mind as clearly as the initials engraved on the old box.


  • ingrained - /ɪnˈɡreɪnd/ - укоренившийся, закоренелый, застарелый, въевшийся, врожденный, пропитывающий.

ingrained рифмуется со словами: trained, strained, gained, chained, explained, maintained.

  • engraved - /ɛnˈɡreɪvd/ - выгравированный.

engraved рифмуется со словами: saved, braved, waived, craved, behaved.


strained - /streɪnd/ - напряженный, деформированный, натянутый, процеженный, натужный, неестественный
gained - /geɪnd/ - полученный получаемый добытый заработанный.

braved - /breɪvd/ - храбро пережил/перенес.преодолел, отважился.
craved - /kreɪvd/ - жаждал, очень хотел.




plaque - /plæk/ - бляшка, почетный значок, металлический диск, фарфоровая тарелка.
pendant - /ˈpendənt/ - подвеска, кулон, шкентель, брелок, подвес, подвесной, висячий, свисающий, нависающий.

rode, rod

rode - /roʊd/

rod - /rɑd/


  • He rode past the fisherman who was holding a long rod.
  • She rode her bike while carrying a metal rod for the project.
  • They rode close to the shore where a rod was stuck in the sand.
  • I rode behind him until he dropped his fishing rod.
  • We rode home with a curtain rod strapped to the roof.
  • She rode carefully because a broken rod was lying on the path.
  • He rode ahead, unaware that his rod had fallen.
  • They rode together, each balancing a spare rod.
  • I rode the bus holding a rod I bought from the hardware store.
  • The kids rode in circles around a pole that looked like a giant rod


  • rode - /roʊd/ или /rəʊd/ - ехал на, ехал.
rode рифмуется со словами: code, mode, load, towed, owed, road (омофон), strode.


  • rod - /rɑd/ - удилище, стержень, прут, шток, палка, рейка, удочка, розга, жезл.
/ɑ/ - "нижне-задний" звук, как в слове father.

rod рифмуется со словами: nod, god, sod, pod, odd.


strode - /strəʊd/ - прошедшая форма глагола to stride (шагать, идти).

nod - /nɑːd/ - кивнуть, клевать носом, кивать головой, кивок, клевание носом, дремота.
sod - /sɑːd/ - 1) кусок дёрна, рулонный газон, 2) негодяй, мерзавец, парень, чувак.
pod - /pɑːd/ -  стручок, кокон, подвеска, лузга, кожура, покрываться стручками, лущить.
odd - /ɑːd/ - нечетный, странный, лишний, необычный, нечетное число, решающая взятка, удар.


пятница, 12 декабря 2025 г.

rode, road

rode - /roʊd/

road - /roʊd/


  • She rode her bike down the road before sunrise.
  • He rode the horse along the dusty road.
  • They rode together on the same road to work.
  • I rode a scooter on the road for the first time.
  • We rode past the old road sign without noticing.
  • The kids rode their skateboards across the new road.
  • She rode slowly because the road was icy.
  • He rode ahead while I checked the road map.
  • They rode off just as the road construction began.
  • I rode home following the road that curves by the river.


  • rode - /roʊd/ -  ехал на, ехал. Прошедшее время от ride.
  • road - /roʊd/ - дорога, путь, шоссе, улица, рейд, дорожный
rode и road рифмуются со словами: code, mode, load, towed, owed, strode, toad, abode, node, explode.

abode - /əˈbəʊd/ - жилище, место жительства, обиталище, дом или пребывание.


воскресенье, 7 декабря 2025 г.

eerily, early

eerily - /ˈɪrəli/

early - /ˈɜrli/


  • She arrived early, and the empty streets felt eerily quiet.
  • The fog looked eerily thick so early in the morning.
  • It was early, but the house was eerily silent.
  • He woke up early to an eerily cold and still morning.
  • The school was eerily empty for such an early hour.
  • Walking early through the woods, she noticed the light looked eerily green.
  • The sky turned eerily orange surprisingly early in the day.
  • We reached the station early, only to find it eerily deserted.
  • The city felt eerily calm despite the early rush hour.
  • He left early, but something about the eerily quiet neighborhood made him uneasy.


  • eerily - /ˈɪrəli/ - жутко, зловеще странно, таинственно.

    eerily рифмуется со словами: wearily, cheerily, drearily.


  • early - /ˈɜrli/ - ранний, рано , преждевременный, преждевременно.
  early рифмуется со словами: curly, surly, burly, pearly.


wearily - /ˈwɛrəli/ - устало.
cheerily - /ˈʧɪrɪli/ - весело.
drearily - /ˈdrɪrɪli/ - тоскливо.

curly - /ˈkɜrli/ - вьющийся, кудрявый, курчавый, волнистый, изогнутый.
surly - /ˈsɜrli/ - угрюмый.
burly - /ˈbɜrli/ - крепкий, дородный, плотный, коренастый.
pearly - /ˈpɜrli/ - жемчужный, перламутровый.


beard, bird

beard - /bɪrd/

bird - /bɝd/


  • The man with the long beard rescued the wounded bird.

/ðə mæn wɪð ðə lɔŋ bɪrd rɛskjud ðə wundɪd bɝd/


  • A tiny bird landed on his beard as he sat in the park.

/ə taɪni bɝd lændɪd ɑn hɪz bɪrd æz hi sæt ɪn ðə pɑrk/


  • He said the bird seemed fascinated by his bright red beard.

/hi sɛd ðə bɝd simd fæsɪneɪtɪd baɪ hɪz braɪt rɛd bɪrd/


  • Her beard-shaped brooch looked almost like a tiny metal bird.

/hɝ bɪrd ʃeɪpt broʊtʃ lʊkt ɑlmoʊst laɪk ə taɪni mɛtəl bɝd/


  • The artist painted a bird sitting proudly on a wizard’s beard.

/ði ɑrtɪst peɪntɪd ə bɝd sɪtɪŋ praʊdli ɑn ə wɪzɝdz bɪrd/


  • If a bird flew too close, it could get tangled in his bushy beard.

/ɪf ə bɝd flu tu kloʊs, ɪt kʊd gɛt tæŋgəld ɪn hɪz bʊʃi bɪrd/


  • The bearded man whistled like a bird to call his pet parrot.

/ðə bɪrdɪd mæn wɪsəld laɪk ə bɝd tə kɔl hɪz pɛt pærət/


  • A bird chirped loudly as he trimmed the edges of his beard.

/ə bɝd tʃɝpt laʊdli æz hi trɪmd ði ɛdʒɪz ʌv hɪz bɪrd/


  • She joked that the bird admired his beard more than she did.

/ʃi dʒoʊkt ðæt ðə bɝd ədmaɪɝd hɪz bɪrd mɔr ðæn ʃi dɪd/


  • The birdhouse he built had a tiny drawing of his beard on the side.

/ðə bɝdhaʊs hi bɪlt hæd ə taɪni drɔɪŋ ʌv hɪz bɪrd ɑn ðə saɪd/


  • beard - /bɪrd/ или /bɪ(ə)rd/ - борода.
   beard рифмуется со словами: feared, weird, cleared, steered, appeared.

  • bird - /bɝd/ - птица.
bird рифмуется со словами: heard, word, stirred, blurred, third.


weird - /wɪrd| - странный, непонятный.
steered - /stɪrd/ - управлял(а).

stirred - /stɜrd/ - перемешал(а).
blurred - /blɜrd/ - размытый, нечеткий, нерезкий, расплывчатый (об изображении, зрении), неясный, туманный (о смысле, памяти).


суббота, 6 декабря 2025 г.

bomb, bum

bomb - /bɑːm/

bum - /bʌm/


  • He felt like a bum after his plan turned out to be a total bomb.
  • The old movie was a bomb, but the bum in the scene was hilarious.
  • A bum found an old briefcase and thought it was a bomb.
  • They joked that the lazy bum wouldn’t notice even a loud bomb.
  • The prank was supposed to be funny, but it became a bomb that embarrassed the bum who planned it.
  • The bum on the corner shouted when he heard what he thought was a bomb.
  • She called her brother a bum after his science project turned out to be a bomb.
  • The bum claimed he once defused a bomb in the army.
  • A huge bomb went off in the store, frightening the bum who lived nearby.
  • The comedian’s joke was a bomb, which even the friendly bum didn’t laugh at.

    • bomb - /bɑːm/ - бомба, мина, баллон, ручная граната, бомбить, сбрасывать бомбы.

bomb рифмуется со словами: calm, palm, psalm.


    • bum - /bʌm/ - бездельник, лентяй, лодырь, бродяга, бездомный, бомж.

bum рифмуется со словами: sum, gum, thumb, drum, come, some.


Звук / b /
Звук / a : /
Звук / ʌ /

cost, caused

cost - /kɔ:st/

caused - /kɔ:zd/


  • The damage caused by the storm increased the total cost of repairs.
  • His mistake caused delays that cost the company thousands.
  • The confusion caused at the meeting cost us valuable time.
  • The error caused by the software bug cost the team an entire day.
  • The spill caused by the worker cost the restaurant a poor review.
  • The chaos caused during the event cost the organizers their reputation.
  • The breakdown caused on the bridge cost commuters hours of waiting.
  • The noise caused outside the building cost me a good night's sleep.
  • The accident caused by the icy road cost the driver a large fine.
  • The misunderstanding caused earlier cost the project its momentum.


  • cost - /kɔ:st/ - стоить, обходиться, дорого стоить, стоимость, затраты, цена, расходы, издержки

cost рифмуется со словами: lost, frost, tossed, crossed.

пятница, 5 декабря 2025 г.

/ɑː/ и /ʌ/

 Основное различие между английскими звуками /ɑː/ и /ʌ/ в их длительности, качестве и артикуляции: /ɑː/ (как в car, father) - это долгий, напряженный, открытый звук "а", похожий на русское "а", а /ʌ/ (как в up, love) - короткий, не напряженный, "сдавленный" или "усеченный" звук, который русскоязычные часто произносят как [а], но это ближе к первому звуку в слове "орёл", с расслабленным ртом и языком внизу, короче русского. 

/ɑː/ 

Звучание: Долгое, открытое "а", похожее на русское "а".

Артикуляция: Рот широко открыт, язык опущен, губы расслаблены, напряжение голосовых связок.

Примеры: father, car, party

Звук / a : /


/ʌ/

Звучание: Короткий, "сдавленный" звук, не растягивается; русский звук [а] с акцентом.

Артикуляция: Рот приоткрыт, губы не напряжены, язык слегка приподнят от нижнего ряда зубов.

Примеры: love, summer, up. 

Звук / ʌ /

Английские гласные звуки: /ʌ/ - секреты произношения [Youtube - PhoneticFanatic]

Английский звук /ʌ/ отличается от русского [а] тем, что он короткий, ненапряжённый и произносится с немного приподнятым языком и открытым ртом, но без округления губ, тогда как русский [а] часто более протяжный, напряжённый и произносится глубже.

Английский [ʌ]  это средний, не огубленный гласный, который звучит как нечто среднее между русскими [а] и [о], но коротко и без напряжения. 


Ключевое отличие /ɑː/ и /ʌ/

/ɑː/ — долгое и напряженное.

/ʌ/ — короткое и расслабленное, более центральное в звучании, чем русское "а". 

Звуки / ʌ / и / a: /


body, buddy

body - /ˈbɑːdi/

buddy - /ˈbʌdi/


  • My buddy helped me move the heavy body of the broken machine.
  • The coach told his buddy to take care of his body during training.
  • A good buddy will notice when your body is under stress.
  • He asked his buddy to check the body of the car for dents.
  • My hiking buddy complained that his whole body was sore.
  • The doctor told his buddy that the human body is more resilient than we think.
  • Her gym buddy showed her a workout for the entire body.
  • A police officer and his buddy discovered a body near the river.
  • Your buddy can motivate you, but only you control your own body.
  • The artist asked his buddy to model while he painted the body’s outline.


  • body - /ˈbɑːdi/ - тело, корпус, кузов, труп, организация, воплощать, придавать форму.
звук /ɑː/ - долгий и напряженный.

body рифмуется со словами: gaudy, haughty, naughty, shoddy.

  • buddy - /ˈbʌdi/ - приятель, дружище, друг, товарищ, кореш, чувак, парень.
звук /ʌ/ - короткий и расслабленный.

buddy рифмуется со словами: muddy, study, cuddy, cruddy.


gaudy - /ˈɡɔːdɪ/ - безвкусный, кричащий, аляповатый, пёстрый, расфуфыренный.
haughty - /ˈhɔːtɪ/ - высокомерный, надменный, спесивый, кичливый, заносчивый.
naughty - /ˈnɔːtɪ/ - непослушный, озорной, капризный, шаловливый, гадкий, испорченный, дурной
shoddy - /ˈʃɑːdɪ/ - дрянной, низкопробный, некачественный, никудышный, недобросовестный.

muddy - /ˈmʌdɪ/ - грязный, мутный, тусклый, мутноватый, мутить, помутнеть, обрызгать грязью.
cuddy - /ˈkʌdi/ - небольшая каюта (особенно на лодке), чулан, буфет, небольшое закрытое помещение.
cruddy - /ˈkrʌdɪ/ - грязный, отвратительный, некачественный, дрянной, ужасный.


Звук / b /
Звук / a : /
Звук / ʌ /
Английские гласные звуки: /ʌ/ - секреты произношения [Youtube - PhoneticFanatic]
Звуки / ʌ / и / a: /
English pronunciation: альвиолярные согласные [n] [t] [d] [s] [z] [l] [Youtube - PhoneticFanatic]


resilient - /rɪˈzɪlɪənt/ - упругий, эластичный (о материалах), устойчивый, жизнеспособный, стойкий, неунывающий (о людях или системах).

/ɑː/ и /ʌ/

воскресенье, 30 ноября 2025 г.

grate, grade

grate - /ɡreɪt/ 

grade - /ɡreɪd/ 


  • If you grate the cheese too quickly, the quality of the dish might grade lower.
  • The teacher asked him to grate the carrots for lunch before she finished grading the final grade list.
  • The metal grate on the sidewalk was labeled with a safety grade.
  • She had to grate the soap into flakes for a craft project in second grade.
  • I dropped my report card through the street grate right after seeing my best grade.
  • They inspected the old furnace grate to determine the grade of the steel.
  • He tried to grate ginger for dinner while worrying about his math grade.
  • The chef judged the grate design of the grill as restaurant-grade equipment.
  • A piece of food fell through the grill grate and burned, lowering the "taste grade" of the meal.
  • She slipped her fingers on the grate while reading the label about the grade of metal used.


  • grate - /ɡreɪt/ -  решетка, колосниковая решетка, камин, тереть, раздражать, скрипеть, скрежетать.

grate рифмуется со словами: great (омофон), ate, gate, late, wait/weight, fate.


  • grade - /ɡreɪd/ - класс, ранг, сорт, оценка, степень, качество, сортировать, нивелировать.

grade рифмуется со словами: fade, made, shade, trade, blade, aid.


grate, great

grate - /ɡreɪt/

great - /ɡreɪt/


  • It would be great if you could grate some cheese for the pasta.
  • She didn’t expect the metal grate to be in such great condition.
  • He stepped over the street grate and said, "What a great day!"
  • The chef thinks it’s great when students learn how to grate ingredients properly.
  • The heat rising from the floor grate made the room feel great.
  • It’s not great to grate your knuckles when preparing vegetables.
  • They talked about their great vacation while standing next to the old furnace grate.
  • The new grate in the fireplace looked great after cleaning.
  • It’s great that you learned to grate carrots so finely.
  • She lost her bracelet through the storm grate, which didn’t make her feel great.


  • grate - /ɡreɪt/ - решетка, колосниковая решетка, камин, тереть, раздражать, скрипеть, скрежетать.
  • great - /ɡreɪt/ - великий, отличный прекрасный замечательный великолепный классный превосходный чудесный
Оба слова grate и great рифмуются со словами: ate, gate, late, fate, wait/weight, mate, straight, state.


суббота, 29 ноября 2025 г.

incidence, incident

incidence - /ˈɪnsɪdəns/

incident - /ˈɪnsɪdənt/


  • The incidence of errors increased after the incident last week.
  • A higher incidence of accidents was reported following the major incident.
  • The doctor analyzed the incidence of infection triggered by a single incident in the lab.
  • The school reviewed the incidence of bullying after a serious incident occurred.
  • The incident caused a spike in the incidence of safety complaints.
  • Researchers tracked the incidence of storms that resulted from one unusual incident.
  • After the incident, the incidence of absenteeism rose dramatically.
  • The city studied the incidence of crime connected to that shocking incident.
  • One minor incident can contribute to the overall incidence of workplace injuries.
  • The committee evaluated the incidence of violations caused by that isolated incident.


  • incidence - /ˈɪnsɪdəns/ - уровень, частота, охват, сфера действия, угол атаки, наклон, скос.
  incidence приблизительно рифмуется со словами: innocence, eminence, penance, vigilance.


  • incident - /ˈɪnsɪdənt/ - инцидент, происшествие, случай, эпизод.
incident рифмуется со словами: imminent, indigent, vigilant.


innocence - /ˈɪnəsns/ - невиновность, невинность, наивность, чистота, простодушие, безвредность, простота
eminence - /ˈemɪnəns/ - возвышение, возвышенность, преосвященство.
penance - /ˈpenəns/ - покаяние, епитимья, наказание, раскаяние, налагать епитимью.
vigilance - /ˈvɪdʒɪləns/ - бдительность, зоркость.

imminent - /ˈɪmɪnənt/ - неминуемый, надвигающийся, близкий, угрожающий, грозящий, нависший.
indigent - /ˈɪndɪdʒənt/ -  нуждающийся, бедный
vigilant - /ˈvɪdʒɪl(ə)nt/ - бдительный.


visible, feasible

visible - /ˈvɪzəbl̩/

feasible - /ˈfi:zəbl̩/


  • It’s not visible from here, so it may not be feasible to photograph it.
  • The solution became visible only after they realized a feasible plan was needed.
  • If the damage isn’t visible, repairing it might be more feasible than replacing it.
  • Making the logo more visible is feasible with better lighting.
  • The mountain wasn’t visible through the fog, making a safe climb less feasible.
  • The progress isn’t visible yet, but your goals are still feasible.
  • It’s visible that the project is late, but finishing on time is still feasible.
  • The path isn’t visible at night, so hiking it isn’t feasible without lights.
  • A visible improvement in your skills becomes feasible with daily practice.
  • Once the warning signs became visible, finding a feasible solution became urgent.


  • visible - /ˈvɪzəbl̩/ - видимый, зримый, очевидный, явный, обозримый.
Краткий гласный звук /ɪ/.


  • feasible - /ˈfi:zəbl̩/ - осуществимый, выполнимый, вероятный, исполнимый, правдоподобный.
Более долгий звук /i:/.




воскресенье, 23 ноября 2025 г.

wail, while

    wail - /weɪl/

    while - /waɪl/


  • She let out a loud wail while waiting for the news.
  • He tried to study while ignoring the baby’s wail.
  • The wind began to wail while the storm rolled in.
  • The dog would wail while its owner was away.
  • She heard a wail while walking alone in the hallway.
  • The crowd let out a wail while the team lost the final game.
  • He attempted to cook dinner while the sirens continued to wail.
  • The baby started to wail while she searched for the bottle.
  • They listened to the wolves wail while camping in the woods.
  • A distant wail echoed through the valley while the sun set.


  • wail - /weɪl/ -  вопль, вой, вытье, стенания, причитания, вопить, выть, причитать, оплакивать.

/eɪ/ как в слове day

wail рифмуется со словами: mail, hail, tail/tale, frail, scale, quail, pale/pail.


  • while - /waɪl/ - в то время как, до тех пор пока, проводить время
/aɪ/ как в слове sky

while рифмуется со словами: mile, file, smile, pile, tile, style.


hail - /heɪl/ -  град, оклик, приветствие, приветствовать, окликать.
frail - /freɪl/ - хрупкий, слабый, хилый, бренный, утлый, тростник, корзина из тростника.
quail - /kweɪl/ - куропатка, перепел, перепелиный, испугаться.

pile - /paɪl/ - куча, свая, груда, стопка, ворс, штабель, ворох, нагружать, заваливать, навалить.


ineffable, inevitable

    ineffable - /ɪˈnɛfəbəl/

    inevitable - /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbəl/


  • The beauty of the sunrise was ineffable, yet the end of the night was inevitable.
  • She felt an ineffable joy mixed with the inevitable sadness of saying goodbye.
  • The team’s ineffable excitement made their inevitable victory even sweeter.
  • He described the moment as ineffable, though he knew change was inevitable.
  • The ineffable charm of childhood fades with the inevitable passage of time.
  • Their ineffable bond made their inevitable reunion feel natural.
  • It was an ineffable feeling to realize that some mistakes are inevitable.
  • The ineffable silence of the mountain made the inevitable storm more dramatic.
  • He admired the ineffable mystery of life while accepting its inevitable struggles.
  • The artist tried to capture the ineffable beauty of nature and the inevitable cycle of seasons.


  • ineffable - /ɪˈnɛfəbəl/ - невыразимый, несказанный

ineffable рифмуется со словами: affable, laughable.

  • inevitable - /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbəl/ - неизбежный, неминуемый.

inevitable почти рифмуется со словами: credible, edible, sensible, regrettable.


affable - /ˈæfəbl/ - приветливый, любезный, вежливый, учтивый

credible - /ˈkredəbl/ - заслуживающий доверия, вероятный.
edible - /ˈedəbl/ - съедобный, годный в пищу, еда